April 15, 2021 - Allergies are a common challenge as springs arrive, marked by sniffling, sneezing, and itchy eyes for millions due to pollen from trees, grasses, and flowers. A recent study suggests that climate change may exacerbate allergy seasons by lengthening pollen exposure in North America.
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Allergy susceptibility, influenced by genetics and environmental factors, encompasses reactions to pollen, insect bites, pet dander, and mold. Interestingly, mask-wearing during the pandemic has been found to help reduce allergy symptoms for some individuals, according to research conducted in Israel.
Allergic reactions occur when an overactive immune system mistakenly identifies benign substances as threats, leading to an immune response. Studies indicate that approximately half of Americans are sensitive to at least one common allergen. While most reactions are mild, they can lead to serious conditions like asthma or eczema.
Research from 23andMe and collaborators has identified numerous genetic variants linked to allergies over the years. Their work has provided insights into the genetic pathways for allergic rhinitis and associations with eczema and asthma, improving understanding of the underlying causes and highlighting potential treatment targets.
Individuals allergic to dogs or cats react to proteins found in pet saliva, skin cells (dander), or urine, resulting in symptoms such as sneezing, runny noses, and itchy skin. Some may also experience asthma-related symptoms like wheezing. Approximately 10% to 20% of people globally are estimated to be allergic to pets. For those affected, lifestyle changes and medications can alleviate symptoms.
23andMe offers an annual membership, 23andMe+, which provides exclusive reports, including insights on genetic predispositions to dog and cat allergies using statistical models based on genetic variants, ethnicity, and sex.
Controlling pet allergies can be challenging, as pet allergens can easily spread through the air, adhering to clothing and surfaces. Studies show that detectable pet allergens are prevalent in most homes, even those without pets, and are often found in public spaces like schools and transportation. To reduce allergic reactions, washing hands and clothing frequently is recommended.
Pet allergies and pollen allergies share similarities in their symptomatology and treatment approaches. For more information about 23andMe’s Health + Ancestry Service or the 23andMe+ membership, additional details can be found on their official site.