Benefits of Pet Ownership for Older Adults

UCI Health geriatrician Dr. Lisa Gibbs emphasizes the significant positive impact pets can have on the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of older adults. Pets can bring joy through playful interactions and affectionate companionship.

Beyond the affection pets provide, they also encourage physical activity, such as daily walks, and offer comfort during quiet moments. This can be particularly beneficial for older adults who may experience social isolation or face physical challenges that limit their social engagement. "For seniors who are feeling isolated, a pet can be transformational, offering connection and purpose," Dr. Gibbs states.

Research highlights various health benefits associated with pet ownership, including:

- Improved cardiovascular health and blood pressure control

- Increased opportunities for physical activity

- Decreased feelings of loneliness

- Reduced cortisol and stress levels

- Enhanced social interactions

- Better mood and emotional health

A 2022 study indicated that cat owners experienced a greater reduction in cardiovascular disease risk factors compared to other pet owners. Additional research involving nearly 8,000 older adults living alone found that pet ownership slowed cognitive decline, especially in verbal cognition and memory. Dr. Gibbs notes, "Caring for pets has also been shown to promote calmness, reduce anxiety, and for some older adults, provide a sense of purpose."

Pets can motivate older adults to be more active. Responsibilities related to pet care, such as feeding and grooming, encourage movement. Dogs, particularly, require regular walks, which can facilitate social interactions with neighbors and friends. Dr. Gibbs adds that well-trained therapy animals also help people engage more fully in life.

However, she advises careful consideration before adopting a pet. Factors such as lifestyle, mobility, budget, and health goals must be taken into account. The size, breed, and temperament of potential pets should be evaluated to minimize risks such as falls, especially as some older adults may face mobility challenges. Dr. Gibbs cautions that controlling an unruly pet can lead to additional stress, and suggests that older adults consider whether they have the energy to train young animals or if a more suitable companion animal might be better.

The ongoing costs of pet ownership, including food, veterinary care, and grooming, also need consideration. Dr. Gibbs concludes that while pets can significantly support older adults' health and well-being, it is essential to ensure that the situation is beneficial for both the pet and the owner.