A recent study published on February 18 in the journal PLOS One highlights that several dog breeds with shortened skulls, known for their flat faces, may face increased risks of respiratory issues. This research suggests that more breeds are susceptible to breathing problems than previously understood.
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Veterinarians have long recognized that certain breeds experience difficulty breathing due to their physical characteristics. The study adds twelve breeds to the list of those potentially affected by brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), a hereditary condition causing noisy breathing, heat intolerance, and challenges in exercising.
Lead author Francesca Tomlinson, a veterinarian at the University of Cambridge, emphasized the need for a breed-specific approach to tackle this condition. Researchers assessed 898 dogs over the age of one from various breeds, including the Pekingese and Japanese chin, which exhibited the highest rates of BOAS at 89% and 82%, respectively.
The study included breeds such as the Cavalier King Charles spaniel, Shih Tzu, Boston terrier, and Dogue de Bordeaux, with around 50% to 75% of those dogs showing some signs of the disease. Other breeds, such as Staffordshire bull terriers, Chihuahuas, and boxers, were found to be at mild risk, while the Maltese and Pomeranian showed no significant clinical signs of BOAS.
The research identified three common physical traits associated with the condition: being overweight, having narrow nostrils, and possessing extremely flat faces. Thick necks and shorter tails may also contribute to these breathing difficulties.
Paul McGreevy, a veterinarian from the University of Sydney, remarked that the breed labels are less relevant than the shared physical traits affecting airways. The findings stress the implications of selecting for these characteristics in dog breeding and aim to heighten awareness about BOAS among pet owners and breeders.