First Rabies Case of 2026 Reported in New Mexico

Dr. Meghan Brett, an infectious diseases physician and hospital epidemiologist at The University of New Mexico Hospital, emphasized that while untreated rabies can lead to a fatal brain infection in humans, the average New Mexican does not need to be overly concerned if they take necessary precautions.

"Humans get exposed when they get a bite from an animal," she explained, noting that wild animals typically pose a greater risk than domestic ones like cats and dogs. Dr. Brett acknowledged the seriousness of the infection but pointed out that immediate medical attention can mitigate risks.

The NMDOH indicated that a recent halt in human ante-mortem rabies testing by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention does not impact their routine operations, as rabies testing is conducted at their Scientific Laboratory in Albuquerque.

Key preventive measures include vaccinating pets against rabies, which is mandated by New Mexico law, and avoiding contact with wild animals, particularly those behaving unusually. Dr. Brett highlighted the increased rabies risk associated with wild animals such as bats, skunks, and foxes.

Travelers, especially those going to countries with lax pet vaccination standards, should exercise additional caution. Anyone bitten by an animal or in close proximity to a bat should seek medical care promptly. The NMDOH can provide guidance regarding potential rabies exposure and necessary treatments.

Treatment for rabies exposure, termed post-exposure prophylaxis, involves rabies immune globulin and a rabies vaccine, available at most hospitals. Dr. Brett detailed the treatment procedure, which includes initial administration of both treatments, followed by three additional vaccine doses over a specified timeline.

While rabies vaccination is not generally recommended for the wider population in the U.S., Dr. Brett stated that her greater concern lies with more common infections. She reassured that rabies is rare, with fewer than ten human cases reported annually in the U.S. Therefore, most people are unlikely to encounter it.

In summary, while rabies is a critical concern when it occurs, proactive measures such as vaccinations and prompt medical responses can significantly lessen the associated risks.