The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) has highlighted that bad breath in dogs and cats may indicate dental disease, a common yet often overlooked health issue in pets. During February's National Pet Dental Health Month, the AVMA is encouraging pet owners to focus on their animals' oral health.

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Nearly 80% of dogs and 70% of cats are affected by periodontal disease by the age of three, which often develops below the gumline and can lead to infections, tooth loss, and systemic inflammation. Dr. Michael Q. Bailey, president of the AVMA, stated that dental disease not only causes bad breath but also results in real pain and serious health problems for pets. He noted that preventive measures can significantly enhance pets' overall health and help avoid costly veterinary bills.

Pet owners should have their pets' teeth examined if they notice any of the following signs: bad breath, broken or loose teeth, extra or retained baby teeth, discolored teeth, abnormal chewing, drooling, food dropping from the mouth, reduced appetite, pain around the mouth, bleeding, or swelling.

Dr. Susan Crowder, president-elect of the American Veterinary Dental College, emphasized the importance of regular oral health exams and cleanings, stating that addressing periodontal disease can quickly improve a pet's wellbeing and quality of life.

A study by Veterinary Pet Insurance Co. (VPI) in 2013 found that the average cost of preventive dental care is about one-third of the cost associated with treating advanced dental disease, highlighting the financial benefits of preventive care. Dr. Bailey advised that dental cleanings and at-home tooth brushing can enhance a pet's quality of life while reducing long-term healthcare costs.

While daily brushing is recommended, a study in the Journal of Veterinary Dentistry revealed that only 2% of dog owners engage in this practice. Pet owners are encouraged to collaborate with veterinarians to establish a dental care routine, supplemented by regular professional cleanings.

Professional dental visits begin with a veterinarian's oral exam. X-rays may be necessary to assess jaw and tooth root health. Many dental diseases occur unnoticed below the gumline, necessitating thorough cleaning and evaluation under anesthesia. The cleaning process involves scaling to remove plaque and tartar and polishing similar to routine human dental visits.

Post-exam, veterinarians will provide recommendations based on the pet's health. Owners should discuss any dental products or diets they are considering with their vets.

The use of anesthesia during dental procedures is crucial, as pets cannot comprehend the necessity of these actions and may react unpredictably. Anesthesia allows for safer procedures with less stress and pain for pets, enabling veterinarians to address dental issues effectively.

Most pets can return home the same day, though they may be sedated. Dr. Bailey reassured that modern anesthesia is safer than ever and encouraged pet owners to explore financing options or pet insurance to manage costs.

For more information about pet dental care, visit avma.org/PetDental. The AVDC also provides resources at avdc.org, while VOHC.org offers guidance on combating periodontal disease.