The Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) in Bareilly has successfully produced calves of the indigenous Sahiwal breed using advanced Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). This breakthrough, confirmed by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), marks the first achievement of its kind at the institute.
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Since launching a focused program in 2022-2023 to enhance the genetic potential of India's dairy breeds, IVRI scientists worked on standardizing ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up, in vitro fertilization, and embryo transfer (OPU–IVF–ET) protocols for key indigenous breeds, including Sahiwal, Tharparkar, and Murrah buffalo.
The team refined their techniques, culminating in the birth of five healthy Sahiwal calves between February 28 and March 5, 2026. These calves were produced from superior germplasm, with a high-yielding Sahiwal cow as the donor, capable of producing over 12 liters of milk daily, and semen from a proven bull known for its strong maternal lineage and high lactation yield.
ICAR scientists reported successful recovery of oocytes in non-stimulated conditions, achieving averages of 14.5 in Tharparkar, 13.14 in Sahiwal, and 4.5-5.5 in Murrah buffalo. The embryo development efficiency also showed promising results, with blastocyst production rates exceeding 47% in cattle and over 42% in buffalo, comparable to global laboratory benchmarks.
This achievement is intended to serve as a scalable model for future applications, with ICAR–IVRI planning to broaden the use of OPU–IVF–ET technology to increase the production of elite indigenous cattle and buffalo. The initiative aims to enhance genetic improvement programs while conserving India's valuable indigenous germplasm.
Additionally, the institute plans to offer hands-on training programs in OPU–IVF–ET to cultivate skilled professionals, encourage entrepreneurship, and support start-ups in the livestock sector, translating scientific advancements into practical applications.