Researchers at the University of California, Davis, have revised their guidelines concerning the timing of neutering for 40 popular dog breeds, considering both breed and sex. Their recent study, published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science, adds five new breeds to an ongoing exploration that began in 2013, highlighting potential risks of early neutering, particularly in golden retrievers. This initial research indicated that early neutering may increase the likelihood of joint diseases and certain cancers.
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The study's lead authors, Professors Lynette and Benjamin Hart from the School of Veterinary Medicine, analyzed over a decade's worth of data from thousands of dogs treated at UC Davis veterinary hospital. Their aim was to support dog owners in making informed decisions regarding the neutering process. Specifically, they investigated how neutering or spaying before a dog turns one year old correlates with the risk of developing certain cancers, such as lymphatic, bone, and mast cell tumors, as well as joint disorders, including hip and elbow dysplasia.
For this latest update, the research concentrated on five breeds: German short/wirehaired pointers, mastiffs, Newfoundlands, Rhodesian ridgebacks, and Siberian huskies. Data was collected from UC Davis veterinary records, encompassing more than 200 cases per breed, all weighing over 20 kg (approximately 44 pounds) from January 2000 to December 2020. The Harts emphasized that each dog's neutering decision should be personalized, taking into account the breed, sex, and individual context.
The study indicates significant variations in health risks across different breeds pertaining to early neutering. For instance, pointer breeds showed higher incidents of joint disorders and cancers; male mastiffs had increased risks of cranial cruciate ligament tears and lymphoma; female Newfoundlands faced enhanced risks of joint issues; early neutering in female Ridgebacks correlated with a rise in mast cell tumors; and Siberian huskies showed no significant health effects from early neutering.
Benjamin Hart, distinguished professor emeritus, stated that the research aims to enhance the relationship between pet owners and their animals, providing veterinarians and owners with valuable options regarding neutering. Their findings will soon be compiled in an open access format as a free e-book titled Effective Options Regarding Spay or Neuter of Dogs.
Other researchers involved in this study include Abigail Thigpen, Maya Lee, Miya Babchuk, Jenna Lee, Megan Ho, Sara Clarkson, and Juliann Chou from the School of Veterinary Medicine, along with Neil Willits from the Department of Statistics. The study was primarily volunteer-driven, with minor funding from the Center for Companion Animal Health.