Sgiath, a dog trained to detect the invasive carpet sea squirt, has been named Animal of the Year. According to her handler, Sim, the project began as a proof-of-concept to see if dogs could assist in managing problems within marine environments. Sim expressed surprise at how effectively the initiative has progressed, saying, “I genuinely didn't know whether it would work.”
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Dogs are commonly employed in conservation efforts on land, particularly for tracking endangered species and investigating environmental crimes. Sgiath uses her remarkable sense of smell while working at low tide, diving under seaweed to locate the invasive species with precision.
The carpet sea squirt, known scientifically as Didemnum vexillum, is believed to have originated from Japan and was first identified on the southern shores of England and Wales in 2008. It is noted for its color variations, which can range from orange to cream, and has become a significant concern as it spreads to various coastal locations across the UK. The species reproduces rapidly during the warmer months, raising fears of further spread with increasing sea temperatures.
Dr. Martyn Kurr, a marine biologist from Bangor University, explained to BBC News that non-native species like the carpet sea squirt compete with local wildlife for essential nutrients. Additionally, they pose threats by clogging aquaculture pens and marine infrastructure, including boat propellers. The ongoing efforts to manage and eradicate these invasive species incur costs amounting to millions of pounds annually across Europe.