The ICAR–Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) in Izatnagar, Bareilly, has successfully produced indigenous Sahiwal cattle calves through advanced Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). This marks the first success of its kind at the institute, utilizing ultrasound-guided ovum pick-up, in vitro fertilization, and embryo transfer (OPU–IVF–ET), which opens new possibilities for rapid genetic enhancement of indigenous bovine breeds.
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This initiative began in the 2022–23 period with a focused program aimed at improving the genetic potential of India's notable dairy breeds. Scientists worked to standardize OPU–IVF–ET protocols under both farm and field conditions, specifically targeting breeds such as Sahiwal cattle, Tharparkar cattle, and Murrah buffalo.
Through meticulous research and innovation, the team refined their techniques, culminating in the birth of five healthy Sahiwal calves within five days starting February 28, 2026. These calves represent a significant genetic advancement, produced from a high-yielding Sahiwal cow that produces over 12 liters of milk per day, paired with semen from a bull with a notable maternal lineage and a lactation yield of approximately 3,320 kg.
The technical expertise demonstrated by the scientists was pivotal, as they successfully recovered oocytes in non-stimulated conditions, achieving averages of 14.5 for Tharparkar, 13.14 for Sahiwal, and 4.5–5.5 for Murrah buffalo. The embryo development efficiency was also remarkable, with blastocyst production rates exceeding 47% for cattle and over 42% for buffalo, comparable to top global standards.
The achievement signifies more than an isolated success; it represents a scalable model for the future. ICAR–IVRI plans to broaden the application of OPU–IVF–ET technology to enhance the production of elite indigenous cattle and buffalo, significantly bolstering genetic improvement efforts while preserving valuable indigenous germplasm.
Additionally, the institute is committed to capacity building through hands-on training programs in OPU–IVF–ET, fostering skilled professionals, encouraging entrepreneurship, and supporting start-ups in the livestock sector.
This milestone was accomplished by a dedicated team led by Dr. Brijesh Kumar, in collaboration with various experts and research scholars. The initiative was guided by Dr. S. K. Singh, Joint Director (Research), with strong institutional support from senior scientists and past leadership.
Raghavendra Bhatta, Deputy Director General (Animal Science) at ICAR and Director of ICAR-IVRI, expressed optimism that this breakthrough will lead to further advancements in Assisted Reproductive Technologies, marking a transformative moment for the future of India's livestock sector and contributing to a more sustainable agricultural economy.